Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Essay

Diversity – The differences between individuals in society, differences could stem from ethnicity, gender, sexuality, disabilities and appearance. Equality – Each individual having the same opportunities to achieve and experience life to the same standard as other individuals Inclusion – The process of identifying differences and barriers in individuals and working towards adapting activities or experiences to enable the individual to participate Discrimination – Treating someone less favourably than other individuals because of differences such as; ethnicity, gender, sexuality, disabilities and appearance Participation – Enabling all individuals to join in and experience activities to their highest capability According to the ‘Every Child Matters’ government publication there are 5 outcomes that can directly link to the importance of equality, diversity and inclusion and how they can be achieved; †¢Being Healthy – ‘so that they are physically, mentally, emotionally and sexually healthy, have healthy lifestyles and choose not to take illegal drugs’. A child or young person who has been enabled to participate and be included among others is more likely to develop well emotionally, physically and mentally †¢Staying safe – ‘from maltreatment, neglect, violence, sexual exploitation, accidental injury and death, bullying and discrimination, crime and anti-social behaviour in and out of school, have security and stability and are cared for’ A child or young person who has been educated from an early age about different cultures and backgrounds will be less likely to grow up to discriminate, bully or show anti-social behaviour to people of different cultures and backgrounds †¢Enjoying and achieving – ‘so that they are ready for school, attend and enjoy school, achieve stretching national educational standards at primary and secondary school, achieve personal and social development and enjoy recreation’ A child or young person who has gone through their school life being discriminated against may not achieve personal and social development resulting in them not achieving the grades they need to go on to further education, employment and not being able to successfully deal with significant life changes in later life. †¢Making a positive contribution – ‘so that they engage in decision-making, support their community and environment, engage in law-abiding and positive behaviour in and out of school, develop positive relationships, choose not to bully and discriminate, develop self-confidence, successfully deal with significant life changes and challenges and develop enterprising behaviour’ A child or young person who has not been educated well about diversity and has grown up discriminating and being prejudice against others are less likely to grown up to be law-abiding and show positive behaviour or build positive relationships. †¢Achieving economic well-being – ‘so that they engage in further education, employment or training on leaving school, are ready for employment, live in decent homes and sustainable communities, have  access to transport and material goods, live in households free from low income’ Again, if a child or young person has been discriminated against at school they may not finish their education and not go on to achieve the grades they need to go on to further education or employment. SHC 33 – 1.2 Discrimination on an individual can cause them to lose their potential in society and not develop fully in their abilities, talents and education. In later life they may not be able to make a full contribution to society. It will affect friends and family by making them not feel welcome for example; in child care settings, schools or employment settings. Those who inflict discrimination on others may go on to have a false and distorted outlook on life; they may also go on to not be law-abiding as they grow up as discrimination itself is against the law. SHC 33 – 2.1/CYP 3.7 – 2.1 There are legislations and codes of practise that relate to equality, diversity and discrimination such as: Every Child Matters – is a government initiative for England and Wales. It was set up partly in response to the  death of Victoria Climbià © to ensure that children, no matter what background or circumstance they come from will be supported to; †¢Stay safe †¢Be healthy †¢Enjoy and Achieve †¢To achieve economic wellbeing †¢To then go on to provide a positive contribution to their community` UN convention on the Rights of the Children – in 1989 world leaders officially agreed that children under the age of 18 should have the right to †¢An education – children have the right to free primary and secondary school educations. Discipline in schools must respect the child’s human dignity †¢To be healthy – the government must provide good quality health care, clean environments, clean water and nutritious food. Rich countries must help poorer countries to achieve this also †¢Knowledge of information and rights – All children should be able to access reliable information from the media that they will understand. The government must also make rights of children known to adults and children. †¢To live without discrimination – the convention applies to every child no matter what ethnicity, gender, religion and abilities they have. The convention also gives children the freedom of speech and thoughts of their own SHC 33 à ¢â‚¬â€œ 3.3 Discrimination should be challenged when we encounter it. If adults or children behave in discriminatory ways in the setting, there should be strategies to carefully challenge what has been said or done. It is important to support anyone who has been discriminated against however, it is also important to support anyone who is behaving or speaking in a discriminatory way. So that hopefully they will change their behaviour for the future. It is important to challenge discrimination in a way that promotes change. Children are easily influenced by the adult world around them and can pick up prejudiced views and even behave in discriminatory ways. Settings should be celebrating our differences, abilities, ethnicities and cultures so children and parents can see them in a positive way. This could be done by implementing celebration boards, having dressing up clothes from different cultures, having books about different cultures/abilities/religions. CYP 3.7 – 1.1, 3.1 There are many social, economic and cultural factors that can impact on the lives of children and young people. Children and young people who are in care may suffer educationally e.g if a child or young person has recently been fostered or adopted there may be a lot for them to deal with emotionally especially in cases where abuse has been involved. Poverty can affect the mental and physical health of children and the parents as the income may not be enough to provide for the family as CYP 3.7 – 1.1, 3.1 – continued hoped and accommodation may be poor e.g. may have damp which can cause health problems. Living in a community amongst others with anti-social behaviour can isolate some families making parents reluctant to let children play out and socialise with others. Rural communities can also get isolated from others due to being far away from educational and health facilities with limited transport. A parent or child who has a disability could have their educational development greatly affected. A child with a disability could miss a lot of school due to illness or hospitalisation; this could also affect their social and emotional development due to missing out on communicating with peers in educational and every day environments. A child whose parent has a disability may be a carer to their parent and miss out on every day activities and communication with children their own age. Bereavements in families can affect the emotional and physical health of children and their parents e.g. if a parent loses a child it could have a knock on effect on the remaining children, seeing a parent finding it difficult to cope with the loss could make it even more difficult for the remaining children to come to terms with the loss. Different cultures can affect children and young people e.g. families that live in a way that varies from the norm; same sex couples may be discriminated against by  anti-social individuals, which can affect the family as a whole emotionally and socially. Children from travelling families can have their educational development affected if they change schools often. CYP 3.7 – 1.2 The income of parents can determine the outcome of children’s prospects of life choices and good health. Income affects the different types of areas in which children are brought up e.g. inner-city/suburban/rural, the quality of housing and the quality of food provided. †¢Infant mortality rates are highest in families that earn the lowest incomes †¢The chances of poor health in later life are greater †¢Child accident rates are more than twice as higher †¢Statistically, children from lower income families are likely to have poorer health than those from higher income families, often resulting from poor housing conditions, poor quality food, stress or depression †¢Young adults may have less chance of employment in the future resulting from low achievement in education †¢Children from lower income families are more likely to be involved in crime later on in life †¢At school children are less likely to achieve to their full potential

Dangerous Situations and Fear Essay Example

Dangerous Situations and Fear Essay Example Dangerous Situations and Fear Essay Dangerous Situations and Fear Essay Essay Topic: Fear Of Flying Fear is an emotion aroused by danger. It is an important protective instinct. At any hint of danger, a substance called noradrenalin is released into the blood. This prepares the body for action. When we are scared, our skin is pale, as blood is diverted to the muscles. Our body is sweating more, to cool the muscles; our breathing is faster, and provides so more oxygen for the muscles; our heart beats faster to push more blood to the muscles. Also the gut and bladder relax, as blood is diverted from them to the muscles.As a result, we can feel quite sick and breathless. In many creatures, including man, fear can also cause paralysis, or freezing with terror. It is very common to experience fears in childhood. Many of these childhood fears, such as a fear of animals, darkness, storms, doctors and strangers, disappear as the child gets older. However, as people get older, a few may suffer badly from phobias. These are unreasonable fears, which send one’s body and mind into panic . Some of the common phobias are a fear of heights, spiders, and closed places, flying in planes, speaking in public, injections or blood.There are also endless uncommon phobias, including fear of running water, swallowing solid food and even going to the hairdresser’s. Everyone is mildly phobic about something, it is natural. But when your phobia spoils your life it’s time to do something. When I was a child, I didn’t have any typical childhood phobias, except of one, which lasted until now – my fear of insects. My childhood was also probably the most dangerous part of my life. Most children don’t have the self-preservation instinct and neither did I. Bruises were quite common and I never remembered how and when I injured myself.Also bloody knees and elbows were part of my everyday life. As I grew older, wounds started to appear more and more seldom and I am happy to say, that I have never had any more serious injuries as a dislocated ankle. I hav e also never been in an extremely dangerous situation, only some common ones. Probably the most common dangerous situations are falls falls of bicycles, roller skates, horses†¦ I have been learning riding a few times in our holiday and once I also fell down. Of course, it was not pleasant, but also not very dangerous, as I am not a good rider so the horse was just trotting.I hurt my head, although I was wearing a helmet, and my hands and my buttock, but it was my self-confidence, that was hurt most. Once, it was in summer, I was going to a lake with my friends to chill, because the days were really hot. We decided to swim across it. When we were right in the middle, I got a cramp into my calf. It was painful and I couldn’t move the leg. After a few minutes, when I felt a bit better and tried to return to the bank, my latter leg received a cramp. That time I luckily had a friend nearby, who helped me to get to dry land so it had a fortunate end.In none of these situation s I felt fear, because I didn’t felt like my life could be in danger. As I said, I have no experiences with really dangerous situations, but I think that almost every situation can turn to a dangerous one. Of course, various kinds sport, mainly extreme sports and speed sports, adjust the amount of danger of the situation. But even when you step out of the door you can bring yourself into danger. I think that it is important to find a balance between setting our lives consciously and unceasingly in danger and sitting at home timidly don’t enjoying our life.

Legal Reasoning and Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Reasoning and Writing - Essay Example ublic’s interest and recognizes states’ legislative authority that the courts would uphold based on the precedent that the case of Jacobson v Massachusetts’ (1905) set. Facts to the case identify an epidemic, viral gastroenteritis, in the nation, which is also significant in the capital of South Caledonia. There has been a series of the viral infection that affects groups such as people in schools, apartment complexes, and has been reported in large emergency shelters. Viral gastroenteritis causes fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and affects people by limiting their ability to go to work when they are sick or by forcing people to stay at home to take care of the infection’s victims. There are however only few cases of hospitalization and two reported fatalities. A vaccine was developed a year ago and the FDA approved it for its proven effectiveness and limited adverse effects that is only realized as a sore at the point of injection. State Legislature of South Caledonia then passed a law requiring all people to receive vaccination with a fine of $ 750 for non-compliance unless a person receives state approval for exempt ion. Even though Mr. Russell does not qualify for exemption under the statute, he does not wish to apply for exemption and does not want to receive vaccination. Instead, he wishes to sue the state for protection of his liberty. The constitution, statutes, and case laws are some of the sources of law for guiding judicial decisions and the case of Jacobson v Massachusetts (1905) offers a basis for interpreting conflicting provisions of the constitution and the statute of South Caledonia. While the constitution provides for protection of individuals rights and liberty, Fourteenth Amendment, it also restricts such rights based on rights of other citizens, the Ninth Amendment, and grants states legislative power (Schultz, 2009). The facts of the Jacobson v Massachusetts’ case in which Jacobson declined to receive

Lorenzo de Medeci and the Renaissance Research Paper

Lorenzo de Medeci and the Renaissance - Research Paper Example Through a combination of skill, capability and the Medici family’s dominant position in the Florentine government and society, Lorenzo was able to impose his secular views on the Italian society, changed its politics, help create a spurt of renaissance art and engage and influence the church and its role in the Italian community. Collectively these developments spilled over the rest of Europe, in effect, making Lorenzo’s influence far-reaching. Secular Views One of the defining concepts of the Renaissance is the humanist movement. Here, Italy started to veer away from the religiosity that typified the medieval tradition and focused more on creating art or works of literature, materialism and wealth (Romano 31). Lorenzo is crucial in this area because these are the very concepts that he believed in, promoted and supported. He was the quintessential Renaissance ideal who believed that the ancient Greece and its mythologies could teach and educate people in Renaissance Ita ly on important ideas that include beauty, way of life, values, among others. This is the reason why Lorenzo was a generous patron of the arts and that he saw fulfillment in the humanist values. Poets and artists are welcome in the Medici palace and Lorenzo was known to have supported Renaissance artists like Michelangelo and Botticelli. He himself wrote poetry. This attitude towards humanism, which was deeply rooted in Lorenzo’s appreciation for the Greek mythology, has facilitated the humanistic movement in the Renaissance. The case of the poet and humanist scholar Angelo Poliziano demonstrates this point. Poliziano was taken into the Medici household after he caught the attention of Lorenzo through his epigrams. He studied in the extensive Medici library and was charged to educate Lorenzo’s eldest son. His most important work, however, was his contribution to Lorenzo’s compilation of the Raccolta Aragonese (Aragon Collection). Here, he aided Lorenzo in the re valuation of vernacular poetry which came to characterize the increasing use of the Italian vernacular in literature in addition to the Latin language. Poliziano eventually brought his humanistic works with him as he travelled and stayed in several Italian estates such as the Gonzaga court in Mantau where he wrote Favola d’Orfeo (The Fable of Orpheus) (Cirigliano 217). Political Influence When his father died in 1469, Lorenzo de’ Medici began a steady ascent to power. His family’s wealth enabled him to rule Florence in de facto capacity. The city council contained his surrogates and his domination of the polity was achieved through clever manipulation, coercion, bribery and even strategic marriages. Lorenzo’s excellent grasp of Florentine politics was attributed to an early grooming in his younger years. The influence of his grandfather, Cosimo de Medici, the man responsible for the maintenance of peace and balance among the northern Italian states, also did its part. There are several crucial events that displayed Lorenzo’s political acumen and cleverness but his altercation with the papal authority during the time of Sixtus IV demonstrated this best. The conflict stemmed from the so-called Pazzi Conspiracy, wherein members of the Pazzi family and their cohorts tried to assassinate Lorenzo in Florence (Najemy 352). They operated under the support of the Archbishop of Pisa and the reigning Pope Sixtus IV. When the attacked failed, the perpetrators of the attack

Articles Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Articles - Article Example From the comment, I think the 60% fall in oil will make larger companies to suffer because OPEC is likely to give up some market share. In addition, the smaller shale companies are likely to collapse because in the long run they will run into huge losses for operating below the breakeven point. The collapsing oil prices will lead Russian into economic recession because of their worsening financial condition. Basically I think it is the free market that prevents monopoly from forming. Monopolies that are often seen as free market monopolies are not actually monopolies because the fee market often prevents individuals from cornering the market. A free market does not allow coercive monopolies because it is open to all and not for only one company. There is always someone else or another company that is willing and/or capable of making the same product for lesser or the same price. Coercive monopolies can be given to the free market agents by government legislation, for instance franchise business for only a specific group of people, however, the government can interfere incase such people are exploiting the market. Monopolies do not exist in a free market because it has unrestricted competition. However, monopolies can be granted by only the regulation by the government. Patents only restricts the use of the inventor’s invention but does not prevent others from coming up with almost a similar invention. For instance, the fact that Coca Cola has patented its Coke brand has not prevented PepsiCo from inventing Pepsi cola. Income brackets have created divisions of classes that have inequities and disparities income due to barriers created by society, however there is considerable income mobility. I think there is income mobility but the individuals do not notice it easily due to the relative value of money because as income rises, the prices of products also rise. In

Religion and Ethnic Diversity Paper Essay Example for Free

Religion and Ethnic Diversity Paper Essay According to Grace Communion International, people of the black churches believed much like the European Americans. They shared the belief that God’s past dealings give light of future life. The black churches tend to see America as the land of captivity rather than the promise land. The black churches shared similar beliefs to other groups but they did not always see quite the same, black churches tend to hold church into the late afternoon and felt they should try to help all members of the church with all aspects of life, other groups did not hold church for many hours. The historically black churches took it upon themselves to care for blacks, not just spiritually but physically as well because they felt they were discriminated against. The churches made it their job to try to care for the people who had no one else to care for them. Many churches offered services to blacks and whites, even though they did this the blacks were still segregated from the whites. It was standard practice for things of this nature to be done before there were churches built specifically for them, some didn’t even allow their presence. The black churches received a lot of discrimination, hatred, and prejudice from the white community. Often times they were not treated equal to white people as they should have been. I feel that reading a little bit about the black churches has given me a lot more history on it but it has not really helped me to understand the religion more than I already did. I have visited a black church and while they do not believe very different they practice their religion very differently. Black of the African decent are otherwise known as African Americans differ from many other groups based on their hair, skin tones, physical appearance, and the way they talk. Black people even have beliefs about how children should be raised and cared for. They may have similar qualities of other groups but there are many more differences. African Americans have had many, many experiences with other groups and how they differ from them and what qualities they display. Blacks are often discriminated against by many groups for the choices they make and the beliefs they practice. Blacks as a group tend to keep to their own and mind their business. Blacks originally over from Africa bring many things to the American culture such as food, clothing styles, music and much more. The African decent in foods has altered spices and more, and clothing varies by pattern and style of clothing but both have made a rather large impact. For many years in history  blacks were made to be slaves and were bought, sold and bartered for in America and even other countries. They were enslaved for a very long time until the north and south finally went to war over the matter and they gained their American right to freedom. Blacks were also segregated from whites for many years. Blacks were very heavily discriminated against by many groups but especially whites. Whites made enslaving blacks very important in their lives, while whites were the main source of slave drivers, there were also very wealthy black people who chose to have black slaves. Blacks received discrimination from many directions. I feel that I already had a very fair amount of information on blacks and the discrimination and prejudice they have received in the past and continue to receive. Blacks are often not given enough credit for all that they have to put up with, but society in my opinion has lightened up tremendously. Prejudice and discrimination in historically black churches and blacks are very similar, they were made to remain segregated for many years, and they were also discriminated against by many especially the whites, both groups revolve around blacks which make the prejudice and discrimination very similar. The prejudice and discrimination that blacks and the historically black church differ in the fact that the churches were not enslaved. There are not that many differences due to the fact that the churches are for the blacks. There are far more similarities than differences in the groups. From my personal knowledge of these two groups I can conclude that blacks are mostly discriminated against by whites, especially further back in history. Other groups discriminate against blacks and the historically black church but whites much more commonly discriminate against them and are prejudice. The more time that passes the better the circumstances become between groups.

The Concept Of Sustainable Agriculture Environmental Sciences Essay

The Concept Of Sustainable Agriculture Environmental Sciences Essay This project will both investigate and apprise a number of factors which contribute to the current sustainability and those that may influence this sustainability. This project is directly related to a case study which we as a group observed; the case study was carried out across 5 farms in the Black Lion region Co Cavan which is shown on the map below. Sustainable agriculture is the practice of farming using principles of ecology, the study of relationships between organisms and their environment. It has been defined as an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will, over the long term: Global sustainability of agriculture: Global sustainability of agriculture covers a vast array of topics they being: Biodiversity, Energy, Fisheries Forests, Fertilizer, Food, Population, Water. The term sustainability in ecology terms directly describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time. Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems. For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well being, which has environmental, economic, and social dimensions. At present the world is experiencing a number of environmental challenges which are creating major social, economic and political consequences throughout the globe. If we were to focus on these environmental problems individually would not be suitable as all life on the Earth is part of a large ecosystem, and what impacts one part of the system affects the whole. This could be seen during our site visit as was deeply illustrated by each of the farmers that as current government and EU policies stipulate on stocking rates, farming methods and farming by the calendar when in practice this is not the most suitable case. This is due to a number of issues as focusing on any single issue such as stocking rates for every area is different due to the local environment also deteriorating quantities of genetic seed stock, preservation such as soil base (green cover during December-January) are issues directed at Ireland and EU, but larger issues such as insufficient regional food stocks for world populations, water supply, a decreasing forestry base are all issues to be addressed worldwide and are vital needs of the future. When any one of these problems is addressed, all aspects of the whole must be brought into consideration. Agricultural sustainability worldwide has a key role to play in finding solutions to the challenges facing the Earth such issues as: -insufficient access to food, -declining genetic diversity, -environmental degradation, vanishing forests Without solutions for these issues to be realised new challenges will fast emerge. Such challenges which exist in a region such as west Cavan are how climate change is affecting land condition, grass growth patterns, the availability of fresh water. Along with climatic issues such as Reps, the water framework directive, Nitrates directive and cap are all in place to contribute to the preservation of such a rural environment. EU and National Policies/Directives Irelands  National Biodiversity Plan   was launched in April 2002. The plan set out a framework that would help provide Ireland with conservation and sustainable techniques that could be used to improve and enhance biodiversity throughout the country. The plan had certain aims and objectives to achieve, and was to be reviewed after a five-year period. There were fifteen themes and sectors, with detailed actions that were to be pursued to achieve its objectives. The National Biodiversity Plan established special protected areas, which was important for the conservation of biodiversity in Ireland. About 10% of Ireland was considered to be important for nature conservation and were included in the protected areas programme. The framework for site protection in Ireland, both in terms of what should be protected and how it should be protected, are determined by national and by EU policy. These systems and techniques of protecting the SPAs, were options in the REPS schemes, where there was added incentives and bonuses to the farmer for undertaking measures which were designed to improve biodiversity on his/her farm. REPS become a very important scheme to farmers in these SPAs, particularly in west county Cavan as there were substantial payments on an annual basis for any participating farmer. An example of a supplementary measure that could be undertaken to enhance biodiversity in REPS is the conservation of wild bird habitats. This supplementary measure aims to improve habitat structures for wild birds and provide them with more breeding sites. There are SPAs designated throughout the country to protect vulnerable species such as the corncrake and the hen harrier. Each farmer could receive an extra payment for undertaking a supplementary measure, as mentioned above, on top of their REPS payment which was paid on a per hectare basis. A REPS plan had to be drawn up by an approved planner, and any plan that included commonage/NHA/SAC/SPAs had to be approved and sig ned by an approved environmentalist. The planner should set out the management requirements according to the relevant commonage framework plan, NPWS site management plan or agreed farming prescription. The plan has to include an environmental report, prepared by the environmentalist. Specific site requirements might include features such as adjustment to stock numbers or grazing regime, remedial works such as fencing or rubbish removal, restricted use of pesticides and fertilisers or any additional requirements set out in the REPS planner. It is compulsory to get approval from the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food if any farmer intends to increase stock levels, introduce stock to areas that were not grazed before or change the type of stock on the farm during the course of the plan. This professional input and advice into these schemes, from professionals such as REPS planners, environmentalists and department officials, have had a very positive impact on the commonage a nd SPAs in west county Cavan, and other areas with similar landscape features. Farmers have made great use of the professional advice available to them, have made great use of the schemes and incentives all of which have helped protect and improve the biodiversity of their local area. The REPS scheme has arguably had the most positive effect on farmers farming in commonage and SPA/NHA/SACs areas. There are compulsory courses to be undertaken for each farmer, which educates them on how to manage their farms correctly, with issues such as nutrient management plans, protection of watercourses/habitats and the supplementary measures. This education, in my opinion has had a very positive effect on farmers and has been put use in farming regions where REPS was popular. Also, the financial benefits of the REPS schemes brought many positives to areas such as west county Cavan, as the vast majority of the money was spent in the local economy. Schemes such as the National Biodiversity Plans, Commonage Framework Plans, Duchas/NPWS plans and REPS plans have all brought positive impacts to areas such as west county Cavan an I expect will continue in the future in some form. Suggestions that some emphasis will be placed on public goods in the SFP post 2013 is positive, and indicates that both the EU and the Irish government are intent on protecting Ireland commonage and wildlife features into the future. Conclusion: To conclude upon our evaluation of the Black lion region in Co Cavan. We came to the conclusion that sustainability within the region could be viewed under a number of headings social, economical and environmental factors. Social: The reasons as that were explained during the tour relating to social factors within the region was that not much employment outside of farming existed within the region and more often than not the younger generation saw a way out of this with emigration from the region being the resulting factor. This then resulted in that generation getting educated leaving the region taking up residence close to work mainly along the east coast which resulted in the west Cavan region being abandoned and loose all revenue which such people living in the area would have brought. Such a situation also leaves a bleak outlook for agriculture as there remains no successor to take the reins after the current proprietor passes, Economic: If the region is to remain sustainable in an economic sense there is vital need for encouragement to build on the current population within the region. Incentives must be put in place to encourage the development of employment within the region. As the farming community could be directly involved within such a development due to the land within their possession could be utilised for off-farm income based ventures such as tourism: hill walking, fishing, bog snorkelling ect. As if current trends were to continue the region could fast become under populated and may soon become isolated. Under population may in turn results in farming becoming extinct within the region this would also result in a negative impact for the environment due to no preservation of the land which could result in overgrowth of the mountains and no preservation of such a rare landscape. Environmental: Agriculture has played an important part in the economic and sustainable growth of this region. However, in order for this to continue, the agricultural community has to ensure that various obligations regarding the law and the environment are applied which current Legislation is in place to ensure: which limit the abuse of activities such as Land spreading distances from water bodies. It is essential that the required distances are observed in the case of domestic wells and public water supply sources. Requirements as to the manner of application of fertilisers, soiled water etc. Periods when application of fertilisers is prohibited. Limits on the amount of livestock manure to be applied. Ploughing and the use of non-selective herbicides